The FAA DOES provide guidance on what name to call airports by, in AIM 4-1-9, "Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers":
a. Airport Operations Without Operating Control Tower
1. There is no substitute for alertness while in the vicinity of an airport. It is essential that pilots be alert and look for other traffic and exchange traffic information when approaching or departing an airport without an operating control tower. This is of particular importance since other aircraft may not have communication capability or, in some cases, pilots may not communicate their presence or intentions when operating into or out of such airports. To achieve the greatest degree of safety, it is essential that:
(a) All radio-equipped aircraft transmit/receive on a common frequency identified for the purpose of airport advisories; and
(b) Pilots use the correct airport name, as identified in appropriate aeronautical publications, to reduce the risk of confusion when communicating their position, intentions, and/or exchanging traffic information.
"Appropriate aeronautical publications" certainly consist of approach charts, sectionals, IFR enroute charts, Chart Supplement, etc. All of these "should" show the same official airport name.
Now, that said, it is also, in my opinion, ridiculous due to the habit of local governments to make ridiculous and lengthy official airport names, some of which would be tongue twisters to say on the radio, and in any event saying the full name wastes lots of CTAF time.
Some random examples if you strictly comply with the AIM:
Something simple like the local to me "Page Traffic" becomes "Clarence E Page Municipal traffic"
"Greater Green River Intergalactic traffic" (my personal favorite airport name)
"Washington County Veteran's Memorial traffic"
How about Class C's that close at night like HSV? Can you imagine? "Huntsville International-Carl T Jones Field traffic, Cessna 123, left downwind runway 18L, full stop, Huntsville International-Carl T Jones Field."
