(c)
(1) No person may operate a U.S. civil registered, multiengine, turbine-powered airplane or rotorcraft having a passenger seating configuration, excluding any pilot seats of 10 or more that has been manufactured after October 11, 1991, unless it is equipped with one or more approved flight recorders that utilize a digital method of recording and storing data and a method of readily retrieving that data from the storage medium, that are capable of recording the data specified in appendix E to this part, for an airplane, or appendix F to this part, for a rotorcraft, of this part within the range, accuracy, and recording interval specified, and that are capable of retaining no less than 8 hours of aircraft operation.
(2) All airplanes subject to
paragraph (c)(1) of this section that are manufactured before April 7, 2010, by April 7, 2012, must meet the requirements of
§ 23.1459(a)(7) or
§ 25.1459(a)(8) of this chapter, as applicable.
(3) All airplanes and rotorcraft subject to
paragraph (c)(1) of this section that are manufactured on or after April 7, 2010, must meet the flight data recorder requirements of
§ 23.1459,
§ 25.1459,
§ 27.1459, or
§ 29.1459 of this chapter, as applicable, and retain at least the last 25 hours of recorded information using a recorder that meets the standards of TSO-C124a, or later revision.
(d) Whenever a flight recorder, required by this section, is installed, it must be operated continuously from the instant the airplane begins the takeoff roll or the rotorcraft begins lift-off until the airplane has completed the landing roll or the rotorcraft has landed at its destination.
(e) Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator, after October 11, 1991, no person may operate a U.S. civil registered multiengine, turbine-powered airplane or rotorcraft having a passenger seating configuration of six passengers or more and for which two pilots are required by type certification or operating rule unless it is equipped with an approved cockpit voice recorder that:
(1) Is installed in compliance with
§ 23.1457(a)(1) and
(2),
(b),
(c),
(d)(1)(i),
(2) and
(3),
(e),
(f), and
(g);
§ 25.1457(a)(1) and
(2),
(b),
(c),
(d)(1)(i),
(2) and
(3),
(e),
(f), and
(g);
§ 27.1457(a)(1) and
(2),
(b),
(c),
(d)(1)(i),
(2) and
(3),
(e),
(f), and
(g); or
§ 29.1457(a)(1) and
(2),
(b),
(c),
(d)(1)(i),
(2) and
(3),
(e),
(f), and
(g) of this chapter, as applicable; and
(2) Is operated continuously from the use of the checklist before the flight to completion of the final checklist at the end of the flight.
