So you want to replace your Piper Archer spars?

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Folks,

I posted this over in the Piper forum but there's likely folks here with Pipers that are not over there so thought I'd post here as well. With the unknowns of how the PA-32 spar AD will land, and I’m sure it will in some form, our club decided to go ahead and re-spar our Archer. I thought folks might want to have some sort of record on how this can go.

While the club has owned the plane since new 1982, it was involved in a mishap 25 years ago that resulted in the wings being replaced. The source for the wings has no documentation of where they came from so whatever the inspection looks like we’ll fall into the worse-case scenario.

There are also very few machined spars out there from Piper and if something dire was put out AD-wise we didn’t want an Archer shaped sculpture in our hangar waiting for a solution so we decided to act.

The plane has about 7500 hours on it and will be getting a new engine in late summer. The thinking was that with the new machined spars and a new engine we will either have an airplane that needs little else for some time (it flies about 250 hours a year right now) or if we decide that we want a new plane it will be worth more.

That was our thinking anyways and only time will tell if this was fortunate or folly. We started the project 26 Feb and right away ran into issues.

We asked for quotes from both our on-field FBOs and while the one we chose was cheaper, it also was much more detailed on the LOE to do this. We might have been OK with the more expensive one but we simply did not have faith in the estimate.

First issue as the A&P started to take the wings off. The GFC-500 autopilot wiring was not run IAW the STC and the FBO was not comfortable with removing it. The installer came over from VT and reran it as it should (no time to do it right, always time to do it again) but his error so we were not charged for it.

Airframe Components was chosen to do the work. They were great to work with and their videos on how to build a wing crate were spot on. We have some handy guys in the club so we got together and built it in an afternoon. If you need one let me know - $500, which is what it cost us to build.

Z109u9N.jpeg


We contracted with a local shipper who took then from NH to IN. This was preferable in our mind as any other shipper was going to be putting it on and taking it off a truck to consolidate loads. As it was, the local shipper was cheaper as well.

This is on our trailer – it went on a flatbed for the trip

MI6aTDA.jpeg


The wings sat for three weeks until the jig was ready for them. Once they start on them it’s a 3-day job to replace the spars in both wings. However, we ran into issues right away.

When the left wing had been put on 25 years ago the A&P had drilled a lot of extra holes. Clearly not good and Airframe Components had to replace the outboard spar to fix that.

IolvN2b.jpeg


The next issue was cracks in the wing walks and lower inboard skins. This really isn’t a surprise given the age. Talking to a flight school they seem to end up finding the same thing every three years. Replaced both.

Wings returned to us April 18th so call it 7 weeks to get the work done. One of our club members has the spray gear so we painted the wings ourselves and touched up eleventy-billion rivets. We then had annual done and replaced the seals at the top of the main struts since they were off anyways. The plane is back in service but the autopilot won’t power up and we need to do an IFR cert so I’ll fly it over to VT next week for them to figure that out.

Qwks3mX.jpeg


DZyckKh.jpeg


Costs. Ugh – We’re lucky we were in good financial shape – We estimated $40K for the effort but it looks like this.

The main spar replacement $32,600
Wing walk skin replacement $2,695
Rear lower inboard skins replace $ 3,895
Replace LH wing outboard spar $3,895
Paint for the wings $346
Wing transport $4,200
Crating materials $500
Disassembly/ Reassembly $7,554
Total $54,570

Did we make the right decision? Magic 8 ball says check back later but what I do know is it’s as good as we can make it.
 
Folks,

I posted this over in the Piper forum but there's likely folks here with Pipers that are not over there so thought I'd post here as well. With the unknowns of how the PA-32 spar AD will land, and I’m sure it will in some form, our club decided to go ahead and re-spar our Archer. I thought folks might want to have some sort of record on how this can go.

While the club has owned the plane since new 1982, it was involved in a mishap 25 years ago that resulted in the wings being replaced. The source for the wings has no documentation of where they came from so whatever the inspection looks like we’ll fall into the worse-case scenario.

There are also very few machined spars out there from Piper and if something dire was put out AD-wise we didn’t want an Archer shaped sculpture in our hangar waiting for a solution so we decided to act.

The plane has about 7500 hours on it and will be getting a new engine in late summer. The thinking was that with the new machined spars and a new engine we will either have an airplane that needs little else for some time (it flies about 250 hours a year right now) or if we decide that we want a new plane it will be worth more.

That was our thinking anyways and only time will tell if this was fortunate or folly. We started the project 26 Feb and right away ran into issues.

We asked for quotes from both our on-field FBOs and while the one we chose was cheaper, it also was much more detailed on the LOE to do this. We might have been OK with the more expensive one but we simply did not have faith in the estimate.

First issue as the A&P started to take the wings off. The GFC-500 autopilot wiring was not run IAW the STC and the FBO was not comfortable with removing it. The installer came over from VT and reran it as it should (no time to do it right, always time to do it again) but his error so we were not charged for it.

Airframe Components was chosen to do the work. They were great to work with and their videos on how to build a wing crate were spot on. We have some handy guys in the club so we got together and built it in an afternoon. If you need one let me know - $500, which is what it cost us to build.

Z109u9N.jpeg


We contracted with a local shipper who took then from NH to IN. This was preferable in our mind as any other shipper was going to be putting it on and taking it off a truck to consolidate loads. As it was, the local shipper was cheaper as well.

This is on our trailer – it went on a flatbed for the trip

MI6aTDA.jpeg


The wings sat for three weeks until the jig was ready for them. Once they start on them it’s a 3-day job to replace the spars in both wings. However, we ran into issues right away.

When the left wing had been put on 25 years ago the A&P had drilled a lot of extra holes. Clearly not good and Airframe Components had to replace the outboard spar to fix that.

IolvN2b.jpeg


The next issue was cracks in the wing walks and lower inboard skins. This really isn’t a surprise given the age. Talking to a flight school they seem to end up finding the same thing every three years. Replaced both.

Wings returned to us April 18th so call it 7 weeks to get the work done. One of our club members has the spray gear so we painted the wings ourselves and touched up eleventy-billion rivets. We then had annual done and replaced the seals at the top of the main struts since they were off anyways. The plane is back in service but the autopilot won’t power up and we need to do an IFR cert so I’ll fly it over to VT next week for them to figure that out.

Qwks3mX.jpeg


DZyckKh.jpeg


Costs. Ugh – We’re lucky we were in good financial shape – We estimated $40K for the effort but it looks like this.

The main spar replacement $32,600
Wing walk skin replacement $2,695
Rear lower inboard skins replace $ 3,895
Replace LH wing outboard spar $3,895
Paint for the wings $346
Wing transport $4,200
Crating materials $500
Disassembly/ Reassembly $7,554
Total $54,570

Did we make the right decision? Magic 8 ball says check back later but what I do know is it’s as good as we can make it.
Wow. Just wow. Excellent write up; thanks for posting it. Very impressed with your club being forward looking and financially able to bite the bullet and get it done. All the PA28 (and 32 honestly) operators I know are taking the wait and see approach. Most haven't even bothered to read the proposed AD. You guys will be flying when the spars become unobtanium and AC has a 5 year waiting list. $55K will take a number of warriors and older cherokees out of the fleet i think.

I'm jealous. Every time I'm in rough air I think about my 50 year old wing spars.
 
What was the status of the old wings? Were they airworthy?
 
What was the status of the old wings? Were they airworthy?
They were fine, except for the cracked skins and bad left spar and the main spar. So, the work we did made them fine. No need to do anything more to them.:p
 
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… Most haven't even bothered to read the proposed AD. You guys will be flying when the spars become unobtanium and AC has a 5 year waiting list. $55K will take a number of warriors and older cherokees out of the fleet i think….
Reason #2 we are looking at a 182 instead of a 235 for a second plane.
 
I'm jealous. Every time I'm in rough air I think about my 50 year old wing spars.

I have the same thoughts, the good news is as I understand it our PA-32Rs have the beefier version of the spar with a doubler plate.

OTOH doing the math on the existing AD and proposed one assuming I keep flying about the same hours/year I'd be lucky to live long enough let alone still be healthy enough to still be flying by the time I'd actually need to worry about it.
 
How do you buck the rivets that deep in the wing? Is that what the inspection holes are for?
 
yup yup, partnership math indeed. Didn't pencil out for this sole owner, dodged a major bullet. No username checks on that one for once!

Did a flightradarwareliveatcpotato check for the old girl just now. Looks like it never flew again. I can only surmise it got parted out post interim AD-finalization.

I'm jealous. Every time I'm in rough air I think about my 50 year old wing spars.
meh. ERAU stuck it to all y'all because of profiteering and dereliction in use-case inspections, not because of the $3000 hamburger graping you've been doing in that Arrow-XL.

No cap (as my gen alpha kiddo says), I got rid of the thing because I didn't want to be captured by dishonest actor moral hazards, nor J Powell monopoly money pricing nonsense anymore. Not because I didn't trust my damage historied wings with family on board. Even crossed the deepest trench in the Atlantic for sport on that thing...60 hours before the thrubolts gave out on that cErTifIed Clerget as it turns out. :eek2::loco::rofl:
 
How can you be sure the new AD won't require all new wings? Hard to wrap my head around 54K cost to repair two wings.
 
How can you be sure the new AD won't require all new wings? Hard to wrap my head around 54K cost to repair two wings.

To be fair, the work should have been about $40K as we planned but we're glad the other issues were found and fixed. If we look at selling the plane at least two of them would have been found on a pre-buy with associated cost reductions so it's a wash.

Given all the AD's have dealt with spars and given how wings are constructed it's highly unlikely that "replace the wings" is going to be the dictated path IMO. Of course it's the FAA so...
 
How can you be sure the new AD won't require all new wings? Hard to wrap my head around 54K cost to repair two wings.
True. And I'm perplexed as to why the PA28-140 I own is not on the list. When I'm getting bounced around those spars do come to mind.
 
How do you buck the rivets that deep in the wing? Is that what the inspection holes are for?
There are various techniques and special tools that make it fairly easy. But on partial repairs like this one, access is usually through existing inspection holes using a specific sequence of work with some OEMs allowing the ability to add additional access points if needed.

How can you be sure the new AD won't require all new wings?
The ADs only address the original cold formed spars and not the entire wing assembly. Given Piper is now using machined spars for new aircraft and spares, I would expect the final AD to exclude those aircraft with those new type spars as used in this repair.

Hard to wrap my head around 54K cost to repair two wings
Wing work and especially spar work is very labor intensive which is a majority of the cost. And if you deduct the extra work performed and misc costs it works out to be less than $54k for the actual wing repair.
 
$4200 for shipping? That alone would get a thumbs down from me.
 
$4200 for shipping? That alone would get a thumbs down from me.
About $2.47 a mile. Pretty standard over the road shipping rate these days. Might be cheaper if you use a shipping company that consolidates loads but if you do that your wings will be on and off a truck several times with perhaps associated damage. In the big scheme of aircraft things pocket change (sadly)
 
Unless you have an alternative to compare, the cost breakdown is irrelevant. The choices are pay X and get new spars, or don't pay X.
0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1

I'm that way too.

With the crate already on a tandem axle trailer I would deliver them at a fraction of the cost.
 
0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1

I'm that way too.

With the crate already on a tandem axle trailer I would deliver them at a fraction of the cost.
Two 30-40 hour drives is a serious time investment even without the expenses, which would not be trivial.
 
Two 30-40 hour drives is a serious time investment even without the expenses, which would not be trivial.
The OP appears to be in New Hampshire. Siri just said its approximately a 12 hour 40 minute drive each way.

But yes, its a haul no doubt. Easy for me to say as my time is worthless

I'm retired lol....
 
About $2.47 a mile. Pretty standard over the road shipping rate these days. Might be cheaper if you use a shipping company that consolidates loads but if you do that your wings will be on and off a truck several times with perhaps associated damage. In the big scheme of aircraft things pocket change (sadly)

If they were my wings, I wouldn't consider using an LTL carrier like Estes or Saia for a second, and they're both highly rated for on time and responsible carriage. The LTL world has too many gremlins hiding in the bushes, and damage to the wings could result in the aircraft becoming a salvage candidate, valued for an engine core and a few other parts.
 
Ive done many PA to CA trips in less than 40 hours... less if I have a co driver.

A 13 hour trip to save $2400? even if I take off work I'm still ahead.

this club sounds like it swimming in cash so $5k might not move the needle for them.... also a reason I will never join another club.... they don't mind spending other people's money
 
Ive done many PA to CA trips in less than 40 hours... less if I have a co driver.

A 13 hour trip to save $2400? even if I take off work I'm still ahead.

this club sounds like it swimming in cash so $5k might not move the needle for them.... also a reason I will never join another club.... they don't mind spending other people's money
It's rather obvious an accident could damage the wings beyond repair, and the members made a prudent and responsible choice.The $4,200 buys an experienced driver with a CDL, a vehicle and trailer inspected by DOT, and adequate insurance to cover any damage or losses.

You, on the other hand, have none of those things.
 
40 hour drive? Is he going from Florida to Oregon?
I’m going by what google maps says. It’s a round trip drive. And, unless you’re going to camp there for 7 weeks while they do the repairs you’d have to do it twice.
 
This club sounds like it swimming in cash so $5k might not move the needle for them.... also a reason I will never join another club.... they don't mind spending other people's money
Ha! We work very hard to contain costs and maintain the airplane in a safe but efficient way. We don't do any maintenance ourselves, always an ongoing conversation with some pro and some con. We're lucky to have a $185 a month hangar and pay for upgrades as we can. $140 a month and $115 a flight hour. 15 members and three of us fly the vast majority of the hours. As the treasurer I'm very careful to make sure the money is allocated to where it needs to be well ahead of time.

A separate discussion on what makes a good club might be a good thread and after I correct my woodworking screw up from yesterday, take the pup for a hike and take the trash to the collection site I might do that. (Me landing on the Alton Bay ice runway last winter - she's a fine ship)

AHoAtjz.jpeg
 
Nice job and nice write up. That said, many if not most PA-28s would probably be shot before getting a 55k wing repair. Ironically I used to fly a -235 that had had its spars replaced during the short lived AD that existed from about 86-'89 after a tuna spotting Cherokee lost its wings. Always wondered how big a job that was. (Note they were replaced due to damage in that period, not for AD compliance, but always felt it was nice to have new spars even if later they were proved to be unnecessary).

Low slow and turbulence I guess can life-limit a cantilever winged aircraft (Cherokee and 210s have had fatigue failures after tens of thousands of hours when used for fish spotting or aerials surveys). Not sure I've see a strutted airplane do so though.
 
That said, many if not most PA-28s would probably be shot before getting a 55k wing repair.
It'll be interesting (sad) to watch. The value of repaired planes is going to go way up, and drag along all the alternatives with it. The PA28 has always been the sweet spot of affordable and useable for the average person.
 
The PA28 has always been the sweet spot of affordable and useable for the average person.
perhaps, certainly not anymore imho. The OEM regulator-capture of never letting the pre-built inventory off the suffocation hold of fac-built mx rules, will spell the sunsetting of this recreation. Production numbers will never apogee from the 1960/70s, that ship has sailed. Shrinking to profitability as a response to poor-shaming your already dwindling customer base, is the biggest self-own out there. One the accelerationist in me certainly enjoys ngl.

This isn't directed at the OP, but 55k wing spars potato is only a pride in ownership flex if one's myopic. It's a galactic-sized indictment if you shift focus to the horizon. @Steamflyer indeed said a mouthful.
 
FWIW: I think context is everything. While the OP gave an excellent overview of his specific repair, I believe the $55K value is far from being considered a benchmark cost for an average spar replacement on several levels. And based on the previous AD and current AD NPRM data, few will even need any spar replacement services.
 
FWIW: I think context is everything. While the OP gave an excellent overview of his specific repair, I believe the $55K value is far from being considered a benchmark cost for an average spar replacement on several levels. And based on the previous AD and current AD NPRM data, few will even need any spar replacement services.
I’d expect it to be 75k in a few years. So agree, don’t use it as a benchmark. Personnel and shops that can tackle such jobs are getting fewer and far between. Dedicated structures shops mostly seem to be pivoting to GA turbine equipment though of course there are still some great piston repair shops out there. Fortunately at least for now.

Maybe if the Cherokee spar issue gets worse i.e. mandated more broadly, a couple shops will become specialists for a time which will help cost and time. Something sort of similar I think happened with the twin Cessna spar strap AD, though think that withered as Cessna piston twins started to at first slowly and then rapidly disappear.
 
I’d expect it to be 75k in a few years. So agree, don’t use it as a benchmark.
Except if you cull out the spar only work its only around $32K and change. Which at $16K per wing is still comparable to what it cost to replace a spar 20 years ago at $10-$12K per wing on average. And considering Piper uses the new spar in production, spares are available which tends to be the main issue with this type work. Plus as I understand it, Piper has released a spar reinforcement kit which effectively doubles any life limit issues for certain aircraft at a substantially lower cost than a spar replacement. So if only a couple dozen or so aircraft out of the 20,000+ affected aircraft require a spar replacement don’t really see any market driver to increase the cost over the current $32K cost at a top-tier shop.
 
When the left wing had been put on 25 years ago the A&P had drilled a lot of extra holes. Clearly not good and Airframe Components had to replace the outboard spar to fix that.

IolvN2b.jpeg

Ug.. .those "well it doesn't match up, f-it I'll just get the drill" matching holes...
 
I'm really curious on what testing was done for them to go the machined spar route. Always thought a formed structure was stronger.
 
It's rather obvious an accident could damage the wings beyond repair, and the members made a prudent and responsible choice.The $4,200 buys an experienced driver with a CDL, a vehicle and trailer inspected by DOT, and adequate insurance to cover any damage or losses.

You, on the other hand, have none of those things.
This shipping cost discussion reminds me of the thread here a couple (?) years ago where a poster’s engine was lost for 6? or 8? months
 
It's rather obvious an accident could damage the wings beyond repair, and the members made a prudent and responsible choice.The $4,200 buys an experienced driver with a CDL, a vehicle and trailer inspected by DOT, and adequate insurance to cover any damage or losses.

You, on the other hand, have none of those things.
You musn't ship much. Insurance doesn't pay to replace an item, it pays the value of the item. At my old job we had two brandy new OCE printers shipped in. Had tilt monitors, this end up, no top loading... the works. Every tilt monitor was tripped, the no top loading protection (and fee we charged) was gone and two of the four tie downs (poly straps) were broke. Driver couldn't care less. He actually started to unload it. Told him no, take it back. That was $120k of damages.

But go ahead, trust 'a shipper'. The next set of printers were picked up in MD by two of us in a maintenance pickup. Those got home unscathed.

Lets see.. what else... $450 air receiver... dented.
Stack of CISCO routers (say $50k total) wet.
And more than a few things that just never showed up. Shipper said it was delivered and signed for. Our facitlity was 24/7/362 with a driver check in and out. We asked to see the signed papers... wanna guess if they had them?

So in my not so humble experience paying a nameless facless driver $4200 of (kinda) my money is a non-starter. No one care more about that item than the person paying for it.
 
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I'm really curious on what testing was done for them to go the machined spar route. Always thought a formed structure was stronger.
Its not so much a strength issue, but a fatigue resistance issue. Cold forming aluminum, while very strong also reduces its fatigue resistance over time due to residual internal stress points from the forming process. It those stress points where the cracks form.
 
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