@Checkout_my_Six looks like it says the installer can either have ground test gear, as mentioned above, or do a flight test after emailing a request to get the info on where the link is.
In that photo series in the third doc, there’s an Aeroflex IFR-6000, which is quite similar to the Aniritsu product I mentioned. Looks like from a quick Google search, Aeroflex added UAT testing (on top of already having Mode-S transponder testing) as an option in 2014.
(The photo is crap, that might be an IFR-59XX and those didn’t get the upgrades for UAT as far as I can tell.)
Those gadgets are NOT cheap. I own an old IFR model for doing other RF testing unrelated to aircraft, but it has some aircraft bands and modulation types test features built into it, and mine was ten years out of date product line wise, and a couple of years out of official calibration when I got it, and it was a couple thousand bucks.
Don’t even want to Google what a new IFR-6000 costs. Damn nice test gear, though.
See in the photo where he has the cool antenna pointed at the belly of the plane? That test set will interrogate a transponder and measure returned power levels and all sorts of nifty RF geekery.
Most of them will also simulate Localizers, Glideslopes, transmit audio sine-waves at particular frequencies on AM for testing Comm radios, measure power levels... all sorts of cool stuff. Depends on the model number and how deep your wallet goes.
Shops without that gear or “one man band” installers would have to do the in flight test path in the approved installation methods outline.