Thinking about a Citabria

Pilawt

Final Approach
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Sep 19, 2005
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Pilawt
7ECA (115 hp). Not interested in acro, just a Saturday-morning runabout. I have 300 hours in a CubCrafters Sport Cub, so tailwheel is not an issue. The airplane I'm looking at is a known quantity; my mechanic has done the last two annuals on it and knows the airplane and the seller.

What's the good/bad/ugly of owning a 7ECA?
 
Great plane. I have a Decathlon, which is just a Citabria with roid rage.

Good: affordable, fun to fly, simple tech, easy to work on, versatile, factory support (huge!!)

Bad/ugly:

1. Limited performance in some areas
2. Can be hard to find an A&P who knows the plane
3. Cover needs regular maintenance and periodic recover
4. MUST be hangared

So really it comes down to the pros and cons of tube and fabric.

I would look hard at condition of the frame. Pull the floorboards and look closely at the epoxy paint on the bottom frame tubes. Once that starts to deteriorate, it really needs to get recovered. Then your plane will look like mine for a year or so.
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7ECA (115 hp). Not interested in acro, just a Saturday-morning runabout. I have 300 hours in a CubCrafters Sport Cub, so tailwheel is not an issue. The airplane I'm looking at is a known quantity; my mechanic has done the last two annuals on it and knows the airplane and the seller.

What's the good/bad/ugly of owning a 7ECA?
I've owned two 7ECAs. Compared to the 7KCAB:

Pros:
Less chance it's done aerobatics over gross weight by previous owners.
More economical.

Cons:
It really takes a strong arm to roll to the right. :p
The newer spring gear doesn't make as nice a touchdown. The older oleo ones land like on a feather pillow.

I wouldn't do any negative maneuvers unless you want flapping windows and screws poking through the fabric behind the prop arc.
 
The year it was built has a big bearing on it. Before about 1992 they had wooden wing spars, against which there is an extensive AD inspection requirement that has often not been done properly as per AD.

Later ones had the aluminum wing spars. Much better, and some older airplanes were retrofitted with the new wings. Almost cheaper than replacing cracked wood spars.

The front strut attach fittings on the spars were steel in the older airplanes. The aluminum spars have machined aluminum fittings that have an Airworthiness Limitation against them that demands removal and NDT every 1000 hours. That requirement is in the maintenance manual, and a lot of mechanics don't buy the manuals and don't see it. I found one of ours had hidden casting or forging cavities in it. Dye-penetrant found it.

The spring steel gear legs have a habit of snapping. ANY corrosion or nicks in the leg are red flags. Maybe 20 years ago American Champion went to an aluminum leg that is thicker and less crack-prone and saves a bit of weight, and it can be retrofitted to older spring-leg airplanes, but it requires some replacement and welding of the gear leg fabric loop on the fuselage. Used steel legs are REALLY scarce. New ones haven't been made for a long time now.

American Champion used aluminum fabric formers in the belly, and used aluminum gussets with cheap pop rivets to assemble them. Vibration of the belly fabric fatuges those rivets, and we had a gusset come loose and it ended up jamming the elevator bellcrank (during aerobatics) so that the elevator down travel was restricted. They landed OK but it could have been really serious. Through inspections are in order, in any case. And to add to that: small stuff dropped in the cabin can find its way under the floor and get into the controls. BAD. I frequently found used headset or flashlight batteries and pens in the belly. Service Letter 435 addresses some of this stuff. I made light aluminum angles to run along the edges of the floorboards and sidewalls to limit this. That's where most of it gets in.

The rudder cables also pass under pulleys beside the aft seat, and if that pax removes a hat or jacket or gloves and stuffs them down there, they can jam the rudder cable. When the rear seat is empty, connect the seat belts to keep them out of that spot. That also keeps the seat back from flopping forward and fouling the rear stick. There are small check cables in the seat back pivot to prevent that, but they are easy busted when someone leans on the folded back to reach stuff in the baggage compartment.

Tailwheel shimmy, left unaddressed, will crack and break the fuselage sternpost tube that carries the rudder hinges. BTDT. Don't tolerate ANY shimmy. It's most often due to the tailsprings (not the steering springs; I'm talking about the suspension leaf spring pack) flattened out by hard use, and new springs are not expensive and will cure most of the problem. Dynamic balancing of the tailwheel will fix the rest. Note I say DYNAMIC balancing, not static. Static will do nothing for you.

Check through this: https://www.americanchampionaircraft.com/service-letters

The Citabria is a delightful airplane to fly. MUCH easier to get into or out of than a Cub, and it's flown solo from the front.

Edit: Forgot a couple of things. The Lycoming O-235 in the 7ECA is better than the O-200s the older ones had, but they run cool in these airplanes and can accumulate a lot of crankcase moisture that corrodes the cylinders and causes faster cylinder wear. I ended up blocking off the oil cooler even in the (Canadian) summer to get the oil temps up to drive the moisture off.

That O-235 has two impulse mags to ease starting. The O-235 had a reputation of being hard to start.

The older airplanes had steel-tube wing struts that are prone to internal corrosion. IIRC there's an AD on them. The newer airplanes have aluminum struts that are well-ventilated and drained.
 
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I have a 2007 7AC Champ, 100hp. If the 7ECA is anything like its little brother (and it likely is since I easily talked my insurance into letting me get dual in a Citabria and then fly the Champ solo), it will be an absolute joy to fly. Every time I get out of the plane, I want to get back in and fly some more. Even after the time I had to land in an obscene, gusty crosswind for gas. Unfortunately, I need to sell the Champ sooner or later since it has outlived its mission.
 
Dan, thanks for the excellent, comprehensive summary!

MUCH easier to get into or out of than a Cub
At the moment that's my most serious qualm about this airplane. I'm 6'3" and was having a heckuva time getting in and out of the front seat of the Citabria a couple of days ago. I know it's an acquired skill, but I found it easiest to move the front seat cushion (which is only held on to the frame by velcro) out of the way while getting my left leg past the stick.
 
Dan, thanks for the excellent, comprehensive summary!


At the moment that's my most serious qualm about this airplane. I'm 6'3" and was having a heckuva time getting in and out of the front seat of the Citabria a couple of days ago. I know it's an acquired skill, but I found it easiest to move the front seat cushion (which is only held on to the frame by velcro) out of the way while getting my left leg past the stick.

The American Champion Citabrias have an adjustable front seat. Did you see that?
 
I've got a '58 Champion 7EC and it has the adjustable seat.
 
This issue of the non-adjustable front seat has come up before on the Citabria internet forum. It's reported there that an adjustable front seat can be ordered from ACA for older 7ECAs.
 
Wood spar is not a reason to avoid an otherwise good and appropriately priced aircraft. The AD came out 20+ years ago, which means any aircraft with a wood spar has been inspected many times.

I routinely fly my wood winged Decathlon to 5G without concern.

Metal spar wings are available from the factory, either as parts or as a turnkey upgrade. Not cheap at $30-40k, but increases aircraft market value by a like amount. I hope to upgrade mine in next year.
 
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Champion took over from Aeronca building the 7EC in 1954 and developed the series up to the 8KCAB Decathlon when they were acquired by Bellanca in 1970 who built them until 1980 after which the type was passed through a few hands and semi-orphaned until American Champion Aircraft took up the charge in 1988. So the adjustable seat goes back at least to the mid '50's even though some of the manufacturers may not have installed it along the way. In 1984 Milman Engineering produced an STC'd metal spar conversion for the 7 series so there are pre ACA airplanes out there, including my 1958 7ECA, that have metal spars. There's nothing wrong with wood spars but when you are looking at airplanes that are 50 or 60 years old, even if they have metal spars there are issues to consider. The main advantage of metal spars is the AD and the two dozen extra inspection holes people cut into the wings to comply with it.
 
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I mentioned it, but I'll say it again for the added emphasis: one huge benefit of the Citabria is that it is still being produced. That means there is a factory cranking out TC parts, developing upgrades, releasing service bulletins, and providing tech support. You cannot overstate the benefits of this for ownership. What is more, they are a really great bunch of folks, genuinely committed to the love of the aircraft type. They are a family business, not a subsidiary of Megatextroncorp. Parts are generally reasonably priced, well made, and come in kits with good instructions and drawings. I am currently restoring my Decathlon and the factory has been an invaluable resource, always willing to talk me through the tricky spots.
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