A few things...
First, Landis "flunked" the testosterone : epitestosterone test. Most people normally have a T:E ratio of 1 (1:1). Generally speaking, no one naturally has a level higher than 6:1.
WADA and UCI recently dropped the T:E ratio to 4:1 - a realm that some say still exists within a normal person.
First off, testosterone is useless in single-dose applications. You use to it gain muscle mass OR help with recovery; however, you have to take an equivient amount of E to beat the test.
Second off, due to Landis' necrotic hip condition, he has been known to get the occasional cortisone shot (legal in this case), which will jack up the T but not the E.
Thirdly, ethanol has been shown to radically skew the T:E ratios in blood serum and urine.
His dehydration and bonk from stage 16 may play a critical role, as his renal system would have been still completely out of whack on stage 17.
It is possible that he was a doper, using T:E patches and he just got his E dose wrong (matching T:E doses means you escape detection), but my personal and honest opinion is: he didn't do it.
Dick Pound sucks.
Cheers,
-Andrew